> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://docs.axiomprotocol.io/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://docs.axiomprotocol.io/whitepaper/security-model/collusion-resistance.md).

# Collusion Resistance

To manipulate a market by collusion, a group would need:

* More than 66.7 percent of all staked value

This is prohibitively expensive. Holding a majority of the entire protocol’s stake only to lose a portion through penalties or incorrect outcomes is self-defeating.

Even if colluders tried to force a false result:

* Other stakers could escalate the vote
* Penalty caps would enforce large losses
* Future yield would be damaged, harming their own large stake

Economic incentives push every large participant toward honesty.


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